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Rough Medicine: Surgeons at Sea in the Age of Sail, by Joan Druett
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Using diaries, journals, and correspondences, Druett recounts the daily grind surgeons on nineteenth-century whaling ships faced: the rudimentary tools they used, the treatments they had at their disposal, the sorts of people they encountered in their travels, and the dangers they faced under the harsh conditions of life at sea.
- Sales Rank: #383642 in Books
- Published on: 2000-10-04
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.24" h x .91" w x 6.27" l, 1.27 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 270 pages
From Publishers Weekly
Why would a medical doctor put himself on a whaling vessel in the age of sail? The pay was not tremendous, the company less than stimulating and the danger of disaster significant. Having sketched the origins of doctoring at sea, highlighting John Woodall (1569-1643), "the Father of Sea Surgery," Druett for the most part follows a group of British doctors who shipped out in the 1830s to find adventure and fortune in exotic waters such as the Celebes Sea. Also included is an account of one distinguished New York surgeon, John B. King, who sailed at the same time on a Nantucket whaler. None did amazingly well, nor did any do especially badly, but their collective experience will be of special interest to readers who enjoy the literature of sailing ships. Druett showcases excellent research with generous quotations of primary documentsAsome of which are reproduced along with paintings, etchings, photographs and drawings. One of the three appendices compares what Dr. Woodall's and Dr. King's medical chests contained, demonstrating that the herbal treatments used during the 17th century had been replaced by more purely chemical remedies in the 19th. The pursuit of adventure seems to have been these generally well-educated gentlemen's motivation, but Druett's writing does not conform to the fast-paced style of adventure narrative. Those who enjoyed Patrick O'Brian's eye for historical detail will delight in Druett, a dedicated historian, but they will not find the same talent for drama. (Dec.)
Copyright 2000 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Booklist
New Zealander Druett, who has written on women at sea, here considers 11 male professional seafarers, surgeons on whaling ships during 1823-43, on voyages that took them to the South Seas, south and east of China, and lasted from two to four years. Druett has read and absorbed the men's journals, which range in manner from cool and scientific in the notes of an amateur biologist to newsy and illustrated in those of a particularly attentive observer. She opens the book with an account of the first surgeon general of the East India Company and his medical sea chest, and continues with English whaling ship surgeons because England required whalers to carry a surgeon (the U.S. didn't, and a captain often had to perform as one). Filled with accounts of the drama and tedium of whaling, exciting battles with whales, and the occasional gruesome medical event, the book should please sailing buffs, history buffs, and fans of the well-told, lively story. William Beatty
Copyright © American Library Association. All rights reserved
Review
"This book is literally a page-turner - I could not put it down - filled with new windows on history, technology and personal experience. It can be highly recommended."
-John Townley," International Journal of Maritime History
"Druett offers us a vivid sense of shipboard life in her descriptions of medicines, surgical tools, the tumult of a whale hunt and treatment of such common ailments as dysentery, dropsy, syphilis, scurvy and insanity."
-"The Arizona Republic
"Druett showcases excellent research with generous quotations...those who enjoyed Patrick O'Brian's eye for historical detail will delight in Druett."
-Publisher's Weekly
"Carefully researched, elegantly illustrated with line drawings, and vividly written in lucid prose, this wonderful book is pleasing to leaf through and rewarding to read. It should be equally interesting to historians and interested laypersons."
-Choice
"The book is peppered with amusing anecdotes.."
-Fiona A. Macdonald, The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL
Most helpful customer reviews
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
`As long as men and women have gone to sea, doctors have accompanied them.'
By Jennifer Cameron-Smith
What inspired doctors to sign up for journeys that could involve spending three years away from home? What surgical tools and medicines did doctors have available at sea in the age of sail?
In this interesting book, Ms Druett provides a history of the role of physicians in the closed society of a ship of sea in the age of sail. This was the time in which many lengthy voyages of discovery were undertaken and considerable periods were spent out of the sight of land and far away from home. Ms Druett is a maritime historian rather than a physician, and her perspective is fascinating. It may be that a physician will one day tackle this subject from a purely medical perspective but such an approach is unlikely to include the life and colour of Ms Druett's account.
So, why did doctors undertake long voyages at sea? The answers are many and varied. Some did it for the adventure and others because of their desire to practice medicine at sea. Others were escaping their pasts and in some cases it is not at all clear. What is very clear, though, is that travellers in the age of sail were brave and the doctors who tended them did so with very limited tools and medicines.
I would recommend this book to anyone who want to know more about maritime history.
Jennifer Cameron-Smith
21 of 21 people found the following review helpful.
Best Medicine
By John Townley
Medicine has long been an adventurous and rewarding profession - but these days we count those adventures in the halls of hospitals and rewards range from fat grants to the Nobel Prize. No modern physician, however, can tell the tale of being lionized by South Sea cannibals, tattooed from neck to toe, and then living to profit from several hit books about the experience.
That's just one of the unlikely thrillers found in the pages of Joan Druett's engaging and well-documented book Rough Medicine, a sweeping account of the lives of ships' physicians during the rough-and-ready times of the tall ship whalers. Armed with only a whiff of what would become modern medical knowledge and a sizeable chest of surgical tools, chemical cures, and organic nostrums they dealt with scurvy, malaria, yellow fever, bloody accidents and war wounds in ways the medical profession had never before dreamed. Indeed, if the surgeon was absent, the captain could fill in, administering a bit of bottle #6 with unguent #23 according to a book of symptoms and hope for the best!
What was so revolutionary about this? Everything. When the great sea trade routes were first established in the late Renaissance, medicine on shore was a bureaucratic tangle of licensed and often unionized doctors, surgeons, physicians, and pharmacists, all with their own conflicting turf, still mostly leaning on the antiquated texts of Galen to mete out their medical attentions.
That worked badly enough on shore, but at sea it was more or less useless. Starting with Dr. James Woodall's first all-in-one medicine-to-go sea chest in 1619, all the competing parts of the profession were packed into a single box and shipped off to sea under the command of one ship's surgeon. It was the ancestor of the modern emergency medical kit you now find in a paramedic's vehicle - designed to cut to the chase and get the job done, using whichever medical approach seemed to fit the emergency.
Ships doctors, along the way, turned into keen scientific observers of the societies and medicines of the seven seas and often doubled as accountants and journal-keepers (they could read and write) and even found themselves in command of the quarterdeck when the captain was busy in a whaleboat with a harpoon in his hand.
Some got rich, some came back in rags, some never came back at all. But all found the necessity to turn the medical profession into a personal unified vision of problems, symptoms, and remedies, judged less by dated physical concepts and more by immediate physical necessity. In doing so, they presaged the modern emergency room, where quick common sense and triage ruled the day, along with a large dose of human understanding and compassion.
This could have been a windy, scholarly tome on medical history as it evolved upon the waves, but under Druett's skillful hand it is a page-turner, backed with what is clearly the understanding and background of a world-class maritime scholar. I read it straight through at one sitting, including the complete listed contents of two period sea medicine chests, much of which can be found today in an alternative medicine store. What goes around, comes around - thousands of years of hands-on medicine still has a lot to say to us. In Ms. Druett's wonderful book, it has surely found home port.
-- John Townley
Renaissance astrologer/physician to Capt. George Salley, 1985 Godspeed recreation Jamestown voyage,
Founder, The Confederate Naval Historical Society
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Best Medicine
By John Townley
Medicine has long been an adventurous and rewarding profession - but these days we count those adventures in the halls of hospitals and rewards range from fat grants to the Nobel Prize. No modern physician, however, can tell the tale of being lionized by South Sea cannibals, tattooed from neck to toe, and then living to profit from several hit books about the experience.
That's just one of the unlikely thrillers found in the pages of Joan Druett's engaging and well-documented book Rough Medicine, a sweeping account of the lives of ships' physicians during the rough-and-ready times of the tall ship whalers. Armed with only a whiff of what would become modern medical knowledge and a sizeable chest of surgical tools, chemical cures, and organic nostrums they dealt with scurvy, malaria, yellow fever, bloody accidents and war wounds in ways the medical profession had never before dreamed. Indeed, if the surgeon was absent, the captain could fill in, administering a bit of bottle #6 with unguent #23 according to a book of symptoms and hope for the best!
What was so revolutionary about this? Everything. When the great sea trade routes were first established in the late Renaissance, medicine on shore was a bureaucratic tangle of licensed and often unionized doctors, surgeons, physicians, and pharmacists, all with their own conflicting turf, still mostly leaning on the antiquated texts of Galen to mete out their medical attentions.
That worked badly enough on shore, but at sea it was more or less useless. Starting with Dr. James Woodall's first all-in-one medicine-to-go sea chest in 1619, all the competing parts of the profession were packed into a single box and shipped off to sea under the command of one ship's surgeon. It was the ancestor of the modern emergency medical kit you now find in a paramedic's vehicle - designed to cut to the chase and get the job done, using whichever medical approach seemed to fit the emergency.
Ships doctors, along the way, turned into keen scientific observers of the societies and medicines of the seven seas and often doubled as accountants and journal-keepers (they could read and write) and even found themselves in command of the quarterdeck when the captain was busy in a whaleboat with a harpoon in his hand.
Some got rich, some came back in rags, some never came back at all. But all found the necessity to turn the medical profession into a personal unified vision of problems, symptoms, and remedies, judged less by dated physical concepts and more by immediate physical necessity. In doing so, they presaged the modern emergency room, where quick common sense and triage ruled the day, along with a large dose of human understanding and compassion.
This could have been a windy, scholarly tome on medical history as it evolved upon the waves, but under Druett's skillful hand it is a page-turner, backed with what is clearly the understanding and background of a world-class maritime scholar. I read it straight through at one sitting, including the complete listed contents of two period sea medicine chests, much of which can be found today in an alternative medicine store. What goes around, comes around - thousands of years of hands-on medicine still has a lot to say to us. In Ms. Druett's wonderful book, it has surely found home port.
-- John Townley
Renaissance astrologer/physician to Capt. George Salley, 1985 Godspeed recreation Jamestown voyage,
Founder, The Confederate Naval Historical Society
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