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How the Irish Became White, by Noel Ignatiev
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Ignatiev traces the tattered history of Irish and African-American relations, revealing how the Irish used labor unions, the Catholic Church and the Democratic party to succeed in American. He uncovers the roots of conflict between Irish-Americans and African-Americans and draws a powerful connection between the embracing of white supremacy and Irish "success" in 19th century American society.
- Sales Rank: #1080106 in Books
- Published on: 1996-08-23
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.25" h x 6.00" w x .75" l,
- Binding: Paperback
- 248 pages
From Publishers Weekly
In the first half of the 19th century, some three million Irish emigrated to America, trading a ruling elite of Anglo-Irish Anglicans for one of WASPs. The Irish immigrants were (self-evidently) not Anglo-Saxon; most were not Protestant; and, as far as many of the nativists were concerned, they weren't white, either. Just how, in the years surrounding the Civil War, the Irish evolved from an oppressed, unwelcome social class to become part of a white racial class is the focus of Harvard lecturer Ignatiev's well-researched, intriguing although haphazardly structured book. By mid-century, Irish voting solidarity gave them political power, a power augmented by the brute force of groups descended from the Molly Maguires. With help, the Irish pushed blacks out of the lower-class jobs and neighborhoods they had originally shared. And though many Irish had been oppressed by the Penal Laws, they opposed abolition?even when Daniel O'Connell, "the Liberator," threatened that Irish-Americans who countenanced slavery would be recognized "as Irishmen no longer." The book's structure lacks cohesion: chapters zigzag chronologically and geographically, and Ignatiev's writing is thick with redundancies and overlong digressions. But for the careful reader, he offers much to think about and an important perspective on the American history of race and class.
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Library Journal
In a book he admits raises more questions than it answers, Ignatiev, a radical activist and editor of the journal Race Traitor, asserts that the Irish were initially discriminated against in the United States and "became white" by embracing racism, a concept Ignatiev (citing Daniel O'Connell) says they learned in the United States. Ignatiev targets the Irish because they were the largest immigrant group to compete with blacks for manual labor jobs. Does American labor history dismiss racism as an element in the workers' struggles? Did oppression in Ireland under the Penal Laws help to make the Irish oppressors in America, or did they learn racism only after reaching America? While many of the primary sources support Irish racism, fewer support Ignatiev's opinion on where it began. This book is more a springboard for discussion than a source of answers but is strongly recommended for that purpose.?Robert C. Moore, DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Co. Information Svcs., N. Billerica, Mass.
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
"...carefully researched and often-illuminating." -- The New York Times Magazine
"I read Noel Ignatiev's How the Irish Became White yesterday. Amazing! What a work of history! I learned a great deal about Philadelphia history--re: Irish anti-black history. It has its resonance in police-black relations; and one can see May 13th an historical echo of the torching of abolition and Black Masonic buildings a century before and its subsequent (instant and historic) whitewash. Kudos to Ignatiev--a masterful (yet quite short!) piece of work. It provides a powerful historical perspective from which to view the City of Brotherly Love." -- Mumia Abu-Jamal
"Ignatiev writes with conviction. The book makes good use of individual case studies, especially of the Protestant Irish newspaper editor John Binns, and the Philadelphia politician William McMullen, to demonstrate the process by which the immigrant Irish 'faded from Green to white' in their new homeland." -- Journal of American Ethnic History
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By Vincent S. Garcia
great book!
71 of 86 people found the following review helpful.
A challenging but worthwhile read
By Raven
This is a hard book to read, not because of any overdose of erudition or inaccessibility of the text, but due to the emotional reaction it can evoke from the reader. (This is easily demonstrated by a look at the other reviews.) If one has Irish ancestry, it's hard not to take personally. However, a historical retrospective of the social perceptions of Irish-Americans over the last 150 years is well worth reading. The shift in Irish-American image over time is fascinating; it's pleasing to see a group pull themselves out of disfavor and disturbing to see it happen at the expense of others in similar disfavor. Ignatiev illustrates the context of this perception shift well, with illustrative examples from events and news sources of the time. The book is moderately well documented, allowing the reader to search out further references at will. While there are a few points where the author oversimplifies for length and cohesiveness of narrative, overall it's an interesting read, and a reasonable treatment of a painful and complicated issue.
42 of 53 people found the following review helpful.
Never really got to the point
By M. Snyder
I read this book with great anticipation. I am a student of Irish American history and this book stood out as one that had great potential, but never really got off the ground. Ignatiev, in my opinion, never got to his point. The book rambled on about fire fighters and Philadelphia but never equated how this made the Irish "white." It really more argued about how Irish and Blacks lived together for a long time and then all of a sudden the Irish started to hate Blacks--but never went into any detail about why or how; instead it talked about Irish labor strikes--against other whites--and the political career of an opportunistic Irish politician/fireman. The book also glazed over the St Patrick's Brigade in Mexico and never mentioned anything about the role the Irish played in the Civil War, national elections, or the draft riots. This study is not "path breaking" as the back cover says but is instead incomplete at best. Shannon's "The American Irish" is a more complete and better told story.
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